Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) Assistant Conductor Practice Test

A derail is best described as a hand-operated or motor-powered mechanism designed to prevent trains from accidentally running off the tracks. These devices are installed at specific locations along railway tracks and can be engaged to divert trains onto a siding or to stop them entirely in emergencies. Their main function is to enhance safety by providing a controlled way to redirect trains away from hazardous situations, such as when maintenance work is ongoing or in the event of a track failure.

The other options do not accurately define a derail. The second choice refers to a signaling device, which is different as it is used for communication between trains and personnel regarding track conditions. The third option describes a temporary obstruction, which can hinder train movement but does not relate to the structural safety mechanism of a derail. Lastly, the fourth choice mentions a passenger notification system, which is focused on communication with riders and is unrelated to track safety measures.